Difference between revisions of "Computers and server hardware"
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Computers and server hardware (view source)
Revision as of 00:27, 22 August 2022
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Modern computers are electronic devices used to compute, analyze, and display data to the user. Over the last decade, computers have increasingly grown smaller and more complex as transistor size has shrunk and roughly doubling in number for a given chip size in a phenomenon is known as [[wikipedia:Moore's_law|Moore's law]]. | Modern computers are electronic devices used to compute, analyze, and display data to the user. Over the last decade, computers have increasingly grown smaller and more complex as transistor size has shrunk and roughly doubling in number for a given chip size in a phenomenon is known as [[wikipedia:Moore's_law|Moore's law]]. | ||
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The graphics processing unit (GPU) takes instructions from the CPU and operating system to display a graphical interface to the user on a display. | The graphics processing unit (GPU) takes instructions from the CPU and operating system to display a graphical interface to the user on a display. | ||
=== Memory === | === Memory === | ||
Data to be | Data to be processed by the CPU and stored for faster access without writing to disk is stored in Random Access Memory (RAM), commonly called simply "memory". RAM is composed of series of DIMM chips often organized into lanes, often in pairs. There are different types of DIMM chips for laptop and desktop motherboards. | ||
* '''DIMM''' - The standard RAM chip in most desktop computers. Standard length of 133.35mm (5.25 in.) | * '''DIMM''' - The standard RAM chip in most desktop computers. Standard length of 133.35mm (5.25 in.) | ||
** '''288 Pin''' - The newest generations of RAM, DDR5 and DDR4, have 288 pins. | ** '''288 Pin''' - The newest generations of RAM, DDR5 and DDR4, have 288 pins. | ||
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** '''260 Pin''' - DDR4 SO-DIMM RAM. | ** '''260 Pin''' - DDR4 SO-DIMM RAM. | ||
** '''204 Pin''' - DDR3 SO-DIMM RAM. | ** '''204 Pin''' - DDR3 SO-DIMM RAM. | ||
=== Physical Storage === | |||
* '''Hard Drive''' - Pseudonymous term for most internal storage. consists of several spinning platters upon which data is stored. | |||
** '''3.50 in. HDD''' - The most common form factor for spinning platter hard drives, especially for desktop systems | |||
** '''2.50 in. HDD''' - The most common form factor for spinning platter hard drives in laptop systems due to being thinner and lighter than 3.50 inch drives. | |||
* '''SSD''' - Solid State Drives (SSD) are becoming the predominant internal storage due to their efficiency, shock resistance, and longevity. | |||
** '''2.5 SSD''' - One of the most common form factors for SSD's. This form factor fits most bays for laptop hard drives. | |||
** '''nVME M.2 -''' The newest form factor of SSD's that is becoming increasingly common due to physical size and efficiency. 2 TB nVME drives or larger are becoming increasingly affordable. | |||
** '''mSATA''' - One of the first internal SSD form factors for tablet computers. This form factor is mostly outdated, having been superseded by the M.2 standard. | |||
== Enterprise Server Hardware == | == Enterprise Server Hardware == | ||